Gowon Reflects on Military Rule: Calls for Embracing Democracy to Prevent Past Mistakes

Former Nigerian Head of State, General Yakubu Gowon (retd), has candidly acknowledged the shortcomings of military governance in Nigeria, emphasizing the need for the nation to fully embrace democratic principles to avoid repeating historical errors.

Speaking at the launch of the book “Military Factor in Nigerian History, 1960–2018” by the Historical Society of Nigeria in Abuja on May 14, 2025, Gowon highlighted the dual legacy of military rule. While noting the military’s role in preserving national unity during the civil war and contributing to infrastructure development, he admitted that military regimes often stifled democratic growth, violated civil liberties, and fostered environments conducive to corruption.

Gowon pointed to specific historical events, such as the coups of 1966 and 1983 and the annulment of the June 12, 1993, elections, as significant setbacks in Nigeria’s democratic journey. He stressed the importance of acknowledging these “dark chapters” to pave the way for a more democratic and prosperous future.

Reflecting on the Biafran Civil War, Gowon described it as the “most painful episode” in Nigeria’s history but one that ultimately reaffirmed the country’s commitment to unity.

Looking ahead, the former head of state called for a modern, intelligence-driven military that collaborates closely with civilian authorities. He emphasized that the military should be an integral part of the national fabric, dedicated to defending the nation’s territorial integrity without overstepping into political roles.

Gowon’s reflections serve as a reminder of the complexities of Nigeria’s political history and the imperative to strengthen democratic institutions to ensure a stable and inclusive future for all citizens.